Umbrella.



F. W. HOWARD L G. B. CANNON, JR.

UMBRELLA.

APPLXCATION FILED MAY 22, 1915.

Patented May 7,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l aI/Z eorye. @Nicola/7@ W1 fr@ cian/S" aw. HOW/IRO O G. B. CANNON, In.

UNIBRELLA.

APPLICATION FILED IIIAYzz. I9I5.

Patented May 7, i918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fnvefzoru TED STATES PATENT @FFl@E.

FRANK W. HOWARD, OF NEW YORK, AND GEORGE B. CANNON, JR., OF BROOKLYN, NEW

YORK.

UMBRELLA.

Application led May 22, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK WV. HOWARD and GEORGE B. CANNON, Jr., both citizens of the United States, said FRANK lV. HOWARD residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, and whose post-oiiice address is 9 Fort Washington avenue, New York city, New York, said GEORGE B. CANNON, Jr., residing at Brooklyn, in. the countyy of Kings and State of New York, and whose post-office address is 1154 Rogers avenue, Brooklyn, New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Umbrellas, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to umbrellas. A principal object of the invention is to produce an umbrella which can be very economi-V cally manufactured, the yidea beine' that the umbrellas may be kept on sale in frequented places to be bought by persons who are unexpectedly caught in the rain.

One of the objects of the invention is to produce an umbrella having a cover applied to the ribs by such means as will reduce the strains exerted by the frame on the cover of the umbrella to a minimum, and particularly adapting the umbrella toV be constructed with relatively frangible nonextensible material such as water-proof paper. y

A further object ofthe invention is to produce such an umbrella in which the connections of the cover with the crown and the ribs at all points are such as will tend to prevent tearing of the paper out of which the cover is formed.

A further object of the invention is to produce a paper covered umbrella having a frame very similar to that of an ordinary cloth covered umbrella, and enabling the umbrella to be rolled up So as to present substantially the appearance of an ordinary cloth covered umbrella.

Further objects of the invention will appear more clearly hereinafter The invention consists in the general combination of parts and details hereinafter described, all of which contribute to produce an cilicient umbrella.

The preferred embodiment of our invention will be particularly described in the following specification, while the broad Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented May '7, 1918.

Serial No. 29,790.

scope of our invention will be pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Figure l is a. vert-ical section through an open umbrella, embodying our invention, a portion of thev stick being shown in cross section.

Fig. 1rL is a vertical section taken through the crown of the umbrella showing the adjacent portions of the stick, cover and ribs broken away.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation showing the umbrella rolled and creased.

F ig. 3 is a plan showing a portion of the edge of the umbrella and further illustrating details of its construction.

Fig. a is ay plan of a blank or cover section out of which the cover is preferably formed.

Fig. 5 is a cross section illustrating the manner in which the cover sections are attached together to form the complete cover. rlhis view is upon an enlarged scale.

Fig. 6 is a plan showing a portion of the edge of the cover' along the seam or line of attachment of two cover sections and illustrating details of the construction at this point. This view illustrates a preferred manner of attaching eyelets at the edge of the umbrella for securing the umbrella to the ends of the ribs.

Fig. `7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but illustrating the parts before the eyelet is attached.

Fig. 8 is a plan illustrating the parts with the seam at right angles to the plane in which the cover is supposed to lie.

Fig. 9 is a perspective illustrating the manner in which the connecting seam bctween two sections is formed preparatory to producing the effect illustrated in Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a section upon an enlarged scale taken on the line 10-10 of Fig. 6 and illustrating one effect of the construction which is to produce an overlap comprising a great number of plies or layers of material through which the eyelet passes.

Fig. 1l is a cross section taken on the line ll-ll of Fig. 6 and illustrating the manner in which the seam lies aga-inst the inner side of the umbrella cover.

Fig. l2 a plan showing a portion of the cover at a connecting seam between two secelil tioiis nml illi the ri. es n.0.V e uraltes une inea seem.

Fig. 13

broken lin)r meting the come eez'ei' enel t e'taeliei te the Fig. l5 is e p e ,feem between tim u mit seeming :i i'vgiiient e3;

" elicits, mit

l1 lluseilztiiig eiie'tliei means Helling* le umbielle fil; en tl'ie seam.

l? 16 is t eroe-1e seetieiztuigen en. the line is i @iiilai' te inecliliefl :2e Hymnen i' t payte.

lefei'e pieceeiliilg tion t the inventieve We are Well @were that constructed elf peper btw- V t parasols including the i ilus have tiene, meile of )s el Wood te which t. le ieper was attached. lef; mi mili This constitueilueing n cette pact, tightly ielleil ii ebrellu sich as wey be @reduced according te out invention.

ie not feasible te secuie L pnl ei Cote? to mi ordinary steel meetellen milie in tlie same Himmel' that a eletli Cetel- Weulfl be attac-heel: because tlieie is e tendency te Qi'educe z eoncentietiei'l of stiaiii :it eumbei' of points 'which ceulcl liet, be Witlistoetl by a Wetelqjiool' pepe LWliiel'i may be torn with Comparative ease. 'i t; et strain we leeetetl pv ieipelly et et the uiiibifelle Whey, e le eeteif 3 te it, at the edges of l, iiiiibiellii Vlie? it is attached te tee ribs, :im Along of the ibs Weee tliej: pees a inner side e. tlie stretched eo'v'ei,

1 be en emliozglimee el linf tlie special eetlstpi tien Oli the im 1 tlie points i te7 peitieulzi U adapting; tlie m'nl'uolh employ pepet eetei'` lle'feli'iiig mote pertieulzu'ly te tlie g 2G indicates tlie muliiells stiel; Wliieli is i'ably foi-meel @il Wood: and

DMTISV. pike-* y Wliieli may lieve e ouiicl lmeb 2l to ferm e handle.

The feetmfes et the een et the crown Oi' the iimbielle me pie'leiebljr Cliselesefl in tlie pending eppleitei'ably eenen-i l el simile such as were plieetioii, Sei-fiel No.

The tiiiileielle. `t'i t i n e 1U suoli s Wood the sleeve u to force the. extensions e the stick and thus eeateal movement on the sti i ietioi is illustrited iii Tiff'. la in whichn liewefiei"7 tlie sleeve 25 eiele' to prevent luy tendency of the. extensions 2 te mete leiwituclmally on the stil zitter the Clamping sleeve. 25 has been put iii place, We piee-i' te term sho" i et: ieeesses Q8 in tlie outer liees e 1. t ie efe t iisiens 9%, miel then after the sleefY llas been put in plaee, We offset the Inateiiel inwardly slightly to form e piojeetien ci' spil-f f2.9g projecting' inte tlie iecess. This eviCle'flv will leolfl the extension against The eovei 30 is greffer-ably mfml olf n plumlity of @over seetieiis 3l of Substantial ti'ianmilei teni, (see The slale eilefes 3la et these @over sections present lelie' e avrei; Curves 32 which form an ogg; e, curve Witn concave lines e.; et the small end of l A pluimlitj; et the cete-r ectien 3l :we tlien attached teggetlei along;

'1 side edges and this ie l bl aeeeiiiplisliefl by sewing. ln efclei ,ie inane? fer sewiiie *we prefer to limieten lhas tlie effect of giving lie pe. 'e1 flexibility and enelaling it to be e. with n. sewing; itizieliiiie iii meel me L fte Way as cloth.

Tliese Cei/*ei* seetieiis t elle? et theii sicle Vc ,3.

ams, suoli es the seen' l enel it the eutei Section, lieWe-Tei, 'folded ov f e@ :is te form an outer edge se@ the umbelle, :mil if clesiiecl, to umbwlls gi'eetstrength, We piefei enfe iii the seem 35 gussetfs 37 of elel er similar material, and these gussets are clispesecl at the eoiiieis of the @over sections 3l se liet when the Seel-biens ate attaeliefl t0- Uetlqef. one el' tlie seams et the edge of the t the peint Wnere the smell eilcls 38 et the sever sections smit l 0l ei my;

pioclueecl Wliieli the ce-/flte1 i tlie ester,

The ili'flluielle Coi/*et is tlieii turned Wieng tlie salie 0f clear-V larged mouth or lip 27. The umbrella cover is then turned right side out so that it may hang down from the stick and sleeve in the manner indicated in Fig. la. In attaching the cover to the sleeve, it is preferable that the edge 39 should project beyond the edge of the lip 27 because this arrangement reduces the strain of the lip on the cover at this point. The upper edge or center of the cover is then preferably concealed by means of an outer' sleeve 41 which is forced on to the stick, said sleeve preferably having an outwardly expanded mouth 42 for` this purpose.

The umbrella preferably includes a runner 41a of any suitable construction which slides on the stick 2O and which is connected by stretchers 43 with intermediate points on the ribs 23. After the seams 34 are formed, they are then turned over or laid fiat upon the inner side of the cover, and when this is done, the outer end of the seam will present a projecting end 44. This end is then folded back over the edge of the cover so as to fold an overlap 45 (see Fig. 6), said overlap being formed on the seam 34. Through each of these overlaps we attach an eyelet 46 which passes completely through the overlap and the cover. When the cover 80 is applied to the ribs, the end of each rib is then bent outwardly so as to form an eye 47 which eye engages with the eyelet 46 and secures the cover to the rib (see Fig. 14).

The full length of each rib is then disposed along the inside of the cover at each of the seams 34 and each seam 34 which presents two layers of the material lies against the inner side of the cover. These seams being of two thicknesses of the paper and also being of stiff material distribute the pressure of the rib on the cover. In order to prevent any possibility of the ribs working laterally so as to become displaced from the seams, we prefer to provide guiding means for holding each rib in position, but this guiding means preferably does not prevent the free longitudinal movement of the rib through the guide and hence it does not interfere in any way with the opening and closing of the umbrella nor does it tend to produce any unequal stretching of the material of the cover at different points. This guiding means may be such as that illustrated in Fig. 12 or such as that illustrated in Fig. 15. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the guiding means comprises an eyelet 48 having an integral tongue which is bent to form a resilient spring hook 49. The rib may be engaged with this hook by a lateral movement of the rib and the resiliency of the hook will tend to keep the guide means in engagement with the rib.

A reinforcing piece 34a of stiff paper is preferably sewed onto the seams B4 to strengthen the hold' of the eyelet. We may, however, employ the guide means 50 illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16 which consists of a flat loop of paper or similar material, one edge 51 of the loop being attached on one side of the seam and the other edge 52 being attached on the other side of the seam. The rib passes between one side of the loop and the seam (see Fig. 16). If desired, however, the loop may not encircle the seam but may be applied to the side of the seam (see Fig. 17) where 53 indicates the at loop, the edges of which are attached at 54 to the seam. In this form of guide the loops may be attached readily by means of the stitching or sewing 55 which attaches the laps of the seam together.

When the gussets 37 are employed, it is evident that forming the overlap 45 as described, produces a greatly increased number of thicknesses of material through which the eyelet 46 passes (see Fig. 10). This arrangement gives the eyelet a very secure hold on the edge of the cover and distributes the strains in all directions, andthis effect is augmented by the gussets.

In order to insure that the seams 34 will have the effect of distributing the pressure of the rib on the cover, it is preferable to inake t)he seams 34 relatively very wide (see When an umbrella is constructed as described with a paper cover, it may be closed like an ordinary cloth covered umbrella, and then rolled up tightly in the manner indicated in Fig. 2, the creases 56 being formed midway between the location of the ribs. W' e provide means for encircling the rolled umbrella which is variable in its encircling length in order to insure that no undue strain will be put upon its anchorage in the cover; for this purpose, near one of these creases a fastener or tie is provided, preferably in the form or" a cord 57, one end of the cord being anchored on a button 58. When the umbrella is rolled up, the end of this cord is given a few turns around the button so as to hold the umbrella rolled. Evidently this can be done so as to hold the umbrella neatly rolled but without subjecting the fastener to great strain.

An umbrella having the features of construction described above may be very economically manufactured and is so constructed as to distribute the strains to which the cover is subjected by the frame when held open in the wind and rain. ln order to facilitate the umbrella being rolled up tightly in the manner indicated in Fig. 2, it is advisable to meisten the umbrella cover, particularly in the vicinity of the crown in order to prevent the tendency of the cover to tear at this point. If the umbrella cover is moistened as suggested, it can be neatly rolled, and when the umbrella cover is nos termed ci black paper, he rolled umbrella will present substantially the same appearance as an ordinary cloth covered umbrella.

ris indicated in F ig. 2, when the umbrella is folded, the ruimer is exposed on the stick beyond the edge ot' the cover. This enables the umbrella to be rolled more compactly than otherwise, and also leaves the runner exposed so that it can be readily seized when the umbrella is to he opened.

lt is understood that the embodiment ci the invention set forth herein is only one ci the many embodiments or forms the invention may take, and We do not Wish to be limited in the practice of theinvention nor in our claims to the particular embodiment set forth.

ln the open umbrella evidently the radial pull of the eyelet is exerted through both the layers of the seam as Well as the outer part ot the cover.

llVhat `We claim is:

l. in umbrella comprising a stick, a crown sleeve attached to said stick, an umbrella cover having a central opening tached to said sleeve, said cover consisting ci a plurality ot substantially triangular cover sections of Water-prooi paper, said sections having superposed edges served together to form a plurality oi seams composed ot layers, said seams extending radially on the cover from said stick and lying against said ribs, eyelets passing through the edge ot said cover at said seams :tor attaching the outer elges ci the cover to said ribs, said eyelets lying in the plane of the adjacent portion ci the cover and lying with their flat sides against the outer sides ot the ribs, and nieans on the ribs for engaging said eyelets to retain the same adjacent the ends ci the ribs,

2. rin umbrella comprising a stick, a crown sleeve attached to said stick, said crown sleeve having an outwardly turned lip at the lower end thereof, an umbrella cover having central opening at said sleeve With the edge ot said opening attached to the side of said sleeve above said lip so as to be retained by said lip, aI plurality oi ribs having' ilattened extensions lying against the side or said stick and secured thereto by said sleeve, said ilattened extensions constructed to dei; outwardly and permit the ribs at the louer end oi said. sleeve to move aivay from the stick in the direction ci said lip to open the umbrella, said cover consisting of a plurality ot substantially triangular sections ot Water-prooi' paper setved together, and eyelets in the edges oi the said cover, said ribs having outwardly turned ends forming eyes engaging said eyelets.

Si kn umbrella comprising a stick, ribs extending therefrom, and a cover termed or substantially triangular sections oi Waterprooi' paper, said sections hay g superposeo. "edges seved together to torni plusnee rality ot seams `composed of layers ci the paper, said seams extending radially on the cover from the stick and lying adjacent said ribs, the ends oi said seams folded in upon the edge et said cover and thereby producing overlaps orn an increased number of layers oiE said paper, and eyelets secured in said overlaps at the edges of said cover and engaging the ends or said ribs.

el. in umbrella comprising a stick, a crovvn sleeve attached to said stick, an umbrella cover having a central opening attached kto said sleeve, said cover consisting ot a plurality of substantially triangular sections oi Water-prooi paper, said sections having superposed edges attached together to :torni a plurality of seams composed ci tuvo layers ci the paper, reinforcing gussets at the corners of said cover sections, said seams extending radially upon the cover from said stick and lying against said ribs to distribute the pressure of the ribs upon the cover, and eyelets at the edge ci said cover correspoi'iding to said ribs, passing through said seams and said gussets, said ribs having outwardly bent ends "forming eyes engaging said eyelets.

5. ln umbrella comprising a stick, a crown sleeve attached to said stick, an umbrella cover having a central opening attached at v.

said sleeve, a plurality ot ribs attached to said stick at said sleeve, said cover consisting oi a plurality of substantially triangular t sections oi" Water-prooi? paper seived together at their side edges, said cover having overlaps at the edges thereof producing an increased number ot layers ot said paper, eyelets pas 'ng through said cover at said overlaps, said ribs havingl outwardly turned ends iorming eyes engaging said eyelets.

6. in umbrella comprising a stick, a crown sleeve a'tached to said stick, an umbrella cover having a central opening attached at said sleeve, a plurality or" ribs attached to said stick at said sleeve, said cover consisting oi a plurality of substantially triangular sections of Water-prooi paper seyved together at their side edges. said cover having overlaps at the edges thereoi1 producing an increased number ci layers ci said paper, eyelets passing through said cover at said overlaps, said ribs having outwardly turned ends forming eyes engaging said eyelets, and means on said cover at an inte 1mediate point on each rib for guiding the ribs on the cover and permitting a :tree longitudinal movement oi the ribs on the cover at said guiding means.

'i'. ln umbrella comprising a stick, a crown sleeve on said stick, a plurality ot ribs having dat extensions lying against the side ot said stick and clamped against said stick by said sleeve` said extensions having` recesses termed in the outer 'faces thereoi, and

said sleeve having an oiset portion engaging said recesses and preventing said extensions from moving longitudinally With respect to the sleeve.

8. An umbrella comprising a stick, a crown sleeve on said stick, a plurality of ribs havstick, a plurality of ribs having integral flexible extensions extending longitudinally and lying against the sides of said stick, and constructed to iiex at the point of connection With said stick to permit the opening and closing of the umbrella, and a sleeve itting tightly over said extensions and forcing the same into said stick to secure said extensions to said stick and prevent movement of said extensions relatively to the stick.

l0. In an umbrella, the combination of a Wooden stick, a plurality of ribs having integral iiattened flexible extensions extending longitudinally of and lying against the sides of said stick, and constructed to Hex to permit the opening and closing of the umbrella, and a sleeve fitting tightly over said extensions, forcing the said extensions into the Wood of the stick and thereby securing the same to said stick.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands in presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

FRANK W. HOVARD. GEORGE B. CANNON, JR.

Witnesses:

FLORENCE PETERS, H. A. WALSH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

